动力刚度计算方法-"盐溶”法-的改进   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丁海平  廖振鹏 《地震工程与工程振动》2001,21(2):13-18

本文首先讨论了采用盐溶法（damping-solvent extraction method)争动力刚度时，在某些频率点（奇点）产生误差的原因；提出一种多次逼近的改进办法，提高了计算精度。在一般情况下，动力刚度的奇点是未知的。本文建议的逼近技术可用于校核这一方法所获得的结果。  相似文献   

单个粘土体裂缝中水流规律的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

葛中华  范炳恒 《地质学报》1993,67(2):159-167

通过模型实验,研究粘土体裂缝中的水流规律,提出了临界水位上升速度的概念。水位上升速度大于临界值时,裂缝中水流量增加,反之则减少。裂缝水流量与水位不呈正比关系。指出粘土裂缝中最大水流量要比相同条件下基岩裂缝水流量小30—40倍。随着水流运动的延续,水流量将逐渐变小。在水流作用下,粘土裂缝宽度将变窄3.0—4.0cm,裂缝深度也大幅度变浅到裂缝水深的50％以上。  相似文献   

浙江湖州地区膨胀土特征探讨     

朱晓梅 《浙江国土资源》2002,18(1):87-89

文章通过膨胀土的分布、成因类型、成分和结构特征及物理、力学性质的分析 ,证实膨胀土并非是理想的持力层  相似文献   

High-temperature X-ray investigation of natural columbites     

S. C.?Tarantino  M.?ZemaEmail author  M.?Pistorino  M. C.?Domeneghetti 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2003,30(10):590-598

Structural investigations at high temperature were carried out on natural columbite samples across the join Fe(Nb_0.95Ta_0.05)₂O₆–Mn(Nb_0.95Ta_0.05)₂O₆. The samples were preliminarily annealed to attain the complete cation-ordered state and avoid the superimposition of the effects of cation ordering during high-temperature studies. Unit-cell parameters of three columbites with different X_Fe content were measured at regular intervals in the temperature range 25–900 °C using single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The crystal structures of completely ordered ferrocolumbite and manganocolumbite were also refined from intensity data collected at room temperature, 300 and 600 °C. Structural thermal expansion coefficients show positive, linear expansion of a, b, c lattice constants and cell volume. In general, slightly higher expansion occurs along a and c directions. However, anisotropy decreases sharply with decreasing Fe content. Reversibility of thermal expansion in the investigated temperature range was checked by high-temperature diffraction studies under heating-up and cooling-down conditions. Impurities do not play an important role in thermal expansion of columbites; expansion coefficients measured on two crystals of the same sample characterized by different Ti content are in fact almost identical. Structural changes with temperature essentially affect bond lengths: volumes of both A and B octahedral sites increase linearly with temperature, whereas interpolyhedral geometrical parameters do not vary significantly.  相似文献   

Characterization of beryl (aquamarine variety) from pegmatites of Minas Gerais,Brazil   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R. R. Viana  H. Jordt-Evangelista  G. Magela da Costa  W. B. Stern 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2002,29(10):668-679

Eight samples of the beryl variety aquamarine were selected from four pegmatites in the Governador Valadares and Araçuaí regions in northeastern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. These samples were fully characterized by chemical analysis, infrared and UV-visible spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and high-temperature X-ray diffraction (from room temperature up to 800 °C). Several physical and chemical properties of beryl were found to depend on the amount of water and ions residing in the structural channels. The thermal expansion coefficients from room temperature to about 800 °C are temperature-independent, with αa ? ?3.2 × 10^?6 ° C^?1 and αc ? ?8.7 × 10^?6 ° C^?1. The contraction of both a and c unit-cell parameters with increasing temperature and the shift of the infrared band centered at about 1200 cm^?1 were tentatively ascribed to interactions between channel water and the silicate rings.The color of beryl seems to be dictated by the relative proportions of Fe³⁺ in the octahedralsites and of fe²⁺ in the channels. Thus, deep-blue samples have little Fe³⁺, whereas greener samples have more Fe³⁺ or less channel Fe²⁺.  相似文献   

The Influence of Oxalate on Fe-Catalyzed S(IV) Oxidation by Oxygen in Aqueous Solution     

A. Wolf  F. Deutsch  P. Hoffmann  H. M. Ortner 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2000,37(2):125-135

This study demonstrates that oxalate has a strong inhibiting effect onFe-catalyzed S(IV) oxidation by oxygen in aqueous solution. While thepseudo-first order rate constant of S(IV) oxidation was determined to be1.6 × 10³ M^-1 s^-1 in experimentswithout oxalate, the oxidation of S(IV) was totally inhibited at a molarconcentration ratio of iron:oxalate = 1:5 at an oxalate concentration of 4M. Under these conditions, the Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio remained nearlyconstant during the observed reaction time. The determined rate constants wereindependent of the initial oxidation state of iron. However, with increasingconcentrations of oxalate, a longer induction period is observed forexperiments with iron initially in the Fe(II) oxidation state.  相似文献   

端头扩大型土锚的新发展 ——船锚式注浆张开型土锚     

陈浩华  黄铭  葛修润 《岩土力学》2006,27(10):1819-1822

作为提高锚固性能的一种有效手段，端头扩大型土锚被广泛应用于实际工程。介绍了端头扩大型锚杆的各种扩孔方法，重点阐述一种新型的船锚式注浆张开型土锚。带有锚抓的新型土锚，不需要专门的扩孔机械，在注浆作用下能连续完成端头扩张与灌浆，具有施工方便、锚固面大、效果好等优点。通过对土锚进行张开试验，证明了在上海等软土地区通过灌浆压力使锚抓张开并形成扩大头是能够实现的。  相似文献   

基于走时的保幅偏移方法   总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张平平  常旭  桂志先 《地球物理学进展》2006,21(4):1186-1191

振幅随偏移距变化是描述储层特征的重要方法之一，保幅偏移方法就是使偏移剖面能够反映出振幅随偏移距的变化.本论文中的保幅偏移是以走时为基础，主要的方法是采用走时的双曲线展开法，通过走时的二阶空间导数来确定波前曲率.该方法通过建立在大网格上的走时表来确定插值系数，将大网格插值成为较为精细的网格，这样就节省了数据的存储空间.对于相同的网格密度，通过插值来计算走时表比采用程函方程有限差分法直接计算走时要节省5至6倍的时间.走时的插值系数还可以用来计算几何扩散因子、权函数，不仅提高了成像质量，还大大节省了计算时间.  相似文献   

Ground water contaminant transport by nondivergence-free, unsteady and nonstationary velocity fields     

Hakan Sirin   《Journal of Hydrology》2006,330(3-4):564-572

Pore flow velocity is assumed to be a nondivergence-free, unsteady, and nonstationary random function of space and time for ground water contaminant transport in a heterogeneous medium. The laboratory-scale stochastic contaminant transport equation is up scaled to field scale by taking the ensemble average of the equation by using the cumulant expansion method. A new velocity correction, which is a function of mean pore flow velocity divergence, is obtained due to strict second order cumulant expansion (without omitting any term after the expansion). The field scale transport equations under the divergence-free pore flow velocity field assumption are also derived by simplifying the nondivergence-free field scale equation. The significance of the new velocity correction term is investigated on a two dimensional transport problem driven by a density dependent flow.  相似文献   

Perspectives on present-day sea level change: a tribute to Christian le Provost     

Alix Lombard  Anny Cazenave  Pierre Yves Le Traon  Stephanie Guinehut  Cécile Cabanes 《Ocean Dynamics》2006,56(5-6):445-451

In this paper, we first discuss the controversial result of the work by Cabanes et al. (Science 294:840–842, 2001), who suggested that the rate of past century sea level rise may have been overestimated, considering the limited and heterogeneous location of historical tide gauges and the high regional variability of thermal expansion which was supposed to dominate the observed sea level. If correct, this conclusion would have solved the problem raised by the IPCC third assessment report [Church et al, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 881, 2001], namely, the factor two difference between the 20th century observed sea level rise and the computed climatic contributions. However, recent investigations based on new ocean temperature data sets indicate that thermal expansion only explains part (about 0.4 mm/year) of the 1.8 mm/year observed sea level rise of the past few decades. In fact, the Cabanes et al.’s conclusion was incorrect due to a contamination of abnormally high ocean temperature data in the Gulf Stream area that led to an overestimate of thermal expansion in this region. In this paper, we also estimate thermal expansion over the last decade (1993–2003), using a new ocean temperature and salinity database. We compare our result with three other estimates, two being based on global gridded data sets, and one based on an approach similar to that developed here. It is found that the mean rate of thermosteric sea level rise over the past decade is 1.5±0.3 mm/year, i.e. 50% of the observed 3 mm/year by satellite altimetry. For both time spans, past few decades and last decade, a contribution of 1.4 mm/year is not explained by thermal expansion, thus needs to be of water mass origin. Direct estimates of land ice melt for the recent years account for about 1 mm/year sea level rise. Thus, at least for the last decade, we have moved closer to explaining the observed rate of sea level rise than the IPCC third assessment report.  相似文献